A ROADSIDE STAND

By Robert Frost

BEFORE THE CHAPTER

Writing Task: Write an article for your school magazine on the topic: Poverty: Reasons & Solutions.

Poverty: Reasons & Solutions

By Atul, XIA

Poverty, a pressing global issue, is the result of multifaceted factors that intertwine to create a cycle of deprivation. Unemployment and underemployment stand as primary reasons, leaving individuals and families struggling to meet their basic needs. Lack of access to quality education further perpetuates the cycle, limiting opportunities for skill development and better-paying jobs.

Healthcare disparities also contribute; inadequate medical facilities force the impoverished to allocate more resources to health issues, impeding their financial progress. Moreover, systemic inequalities based on gender, race, and ethnicity can exacerbate poverty rates, leaving marginalized communities disproportionately affected.

Several strategies can help combat poverty. Investment in education and vocational training equips individuals with marketable skills, enhancing their employability. Microfinance initiatives empower small entrepreneurs, fostering economic growth at the grassroots level. Social safety nets, such as targeted cash transfers and food assistance programs, provide immediate relief. Healthcare accessibility can be improved through community clinics and health insurance programs.

Sustainable poverty alleviation requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the interconnected issues of education, healthcare, employment, and social equality. Governments, non-profit organizations, and the private sector must collaborate to create an enabling environment that enables individuals to break free from the shackles of poverty, promoting a more just and equitable society for all.

SUMMARY

Robert Frost, an American poet, vehemently raises his voice for the social upliftment of the rural poor in the poem. Without mincing his words, he complains about the glaring contrast between the miserable condition of the poor and luxurious life of rich city dwellers. He appeals the rich and the government to empathize with the rural poor and relieve them of their want and poverty.

The poor village people do not beg for money. Instead, they have constructed a roadside stand to make their living but their efforts go in vain as the cultured people pass on speedily in their cars. They don’t stop to buy anything from them. Even if they do they stop to complain about something, to take a turn or asking for something these shopkeepers don’t have. The poet scolds the rich people for being so callous and mean. He advises them to buy something so that the flow of money can make the life of the villagers somewhat better.

They are living a miserable life. They don’t have any source of income. He criticizes the party in power for making falls promises and doing nothing fruitful to bridge the gap between the living condition of the city and the village dwellers. The rich pretend to be helping these people but are making themselves richer. The people who are expected to bring change are actually the cause of the problem.

The poet is extremely sad at the pathetic condition of these people. He feels helpless and sees no solution to the problem. Therefore, he dreams of a supernatural help for the poor people, a touch of magic or the like, so that the poor people will be redeemed from their state of poverty and misery instantly. His helplessness drives the poet to seek an unrealistic solution for the poor people’s misery.

LITERARY DEVICES

TRANSFERRED EPITHET

• Polished traffic
• Selfish cars

PERSONIFICATION

• A roadside stand that too pathetically pled
• Sadness that lurks near the open window
• The voice of the country

METAPHOR

• Trusting Sorrow

OXYMORON 

• ‘Greedy good-doers and ‘beneficent beasts’ of prey.

ALLITERATION

• pathetically pled
• greedy good
• beneficent beasts
• gallon of gas

MEANING OF THE PHRASES

• traffic sped: The rich, in their cars, are in hurry to reach city make more money.
• pathetically pled: the purpose of the roadside stand is to earn money, but the rich people never stop to buy anything. The poor villagers eagerly wait that any car would stop and they can sell something.
• a dole of bread: The poor people at the roadside stand are not beggars. They have self-respect. They have something sell to earn money.
• city money: They money that rich city people have.
• The flower of cities: The growth of the city. The poet says cities are growing because of the flow of the money. If it flows in the villages, then villages will also grow like cities.
• polished traffic: The rich cultured people sitting in their cars. It is a satire on them. They are not cultured as they cannot feel the pain of the poor people.
• out of sorts: irritated.
• the landscape marred: the beautiful site of the land has been spoiled by the clumsy paint.
• wooden quarts: a measuring unit, one fourth of a gallon.
• golden squash with silver warts: golden pumpkin with silver lumps on it.
• crossly: angrily
• trusting sorrow: the simple poor people believe the promises made by the rich and powerful people. By the time they realize the hollowness of their promises and become sad.
• money to feel in hand: They don’t want promises any more. They need real money.
• make our being expand: The city money will not only raise them from poverty but will also make them financially strong.
• moving pictures: the movies that show the stories of rags to riches.
• pitiful kin: the poor villagers have been referred to as pitiable relatives.
• greedy good doers: The business class and the political parties show themselves as they are doing good things for the poor but they make money from these people.
• beneficent beast of prey: greedy people who make money in the name of social and political and charitable works.
• soothe the wits of the poor: The business minded city people attract the poor people with their well-planned promotional offers and promises. These promises and offers are such a way calculated that the poor people cannot escape the traps of the rich.
• the ancient way: for ages the rich have been exploiting and befooling the poor.
• childish longing in vain: The poet feels that the expectation of the poor that the rich would stop and buy something from them will never be fulfilled. It is useless to think so.
• country scale of gain: something that indicates growth: money
• Requisite lift of spirit: The most important thing to make one feel confident and safe (money)

Answer the following in 30-40 words.

1. What is the ‘open prayer’ made by the countryfolk?

Ans: The countryfolk make a silent appeal to the city dwellers not to be selfish. They make an open prayer for the city cars to stop at their roadside stand and help them earn some money by buying their stuff so that they can also live a better life.

2. What are the various reasons for which the cars halt at the roadside stand?

Ans: The city dwellers do not generally stop at the roadside stand but sometimes when they do they do it for some purposes other than buying their products. They halt at times to make a complaint about the landside beauty marred by their shabby outlet or the clumsily painted signboards. They sometimes apply brakes to take a turn and ruin their grass. Sometimes, they inquire about the route ask for a gallon of gas which they don’t seemingly have.

Note: Read the summary for long answer type questions.

CASE BASED LONG QUESTION

Imagine you are Pablo Neruda, the poet of Keeping Quiet. What advice might you offer to Robert Frost, the poet of A Roadside Stand, in the context of his conflicted emotions, as displayed in the given lines:

1. The requisite lift of spirit has never been found,
2. Or so the voice of the country seems to complain,
3. I can’t help owning the great relief it would be
4. To put these people at one stroke out of their pain.

Pen down your advice, in a letter to Frost. You may begin this way:
Dear Robert

I recently read your poem, "A Roadside Stand," and...

You may end this way:
I hope this advice is helpful to you. Please let me know if there is anything else I
can do to support you.
Warmly,
Pablo Neruda

[KV AGRA, PB-1, 2023-24]

Ans: 
Dear Robert
I recently read your poem, "A Roadside Stand," and was struck by the conflicting emotions that you expressed towards the end. I understand that it can be difficult to make decisions when we are overwhelmed by our emotions.

In my own experience, I have found that taking a moment of stillness and reflection can be very helpful in gaining a deeper understanding of the situation and connecting with our own humanity and that of others. This is the message that I try to convey in my poem, "Keeping Quiet."

I would advise you to take a moment to be still and contemplative before making any decisions about the fate of the people at the roadside stand. By quieting your mind and being present in the moment, you may be able to understand their struggles and pain objectively, and gain a new perspective about your own place in the world too. I also feel that by breaking from your routine and taking a moment of stillness and reflection, you might gain a deeper understanding of the situation and make a more functional decision.

I believe that this moment of reflection could help you to see beyond your conflicting emotions. We are all human, after all, and before connecting with others, and resolving their issues, we must try to connect with our own selves to advice from a place of balance and calm. I hope this advice is helpful to you. Please let me know if there is anything else I can do to support you.

Warmly
Pablo Neruda

Multiple Choice Questions based on an extract.

A:

No, in country money, the country scale of gain,
The requisite lift of spirit has never been found,
Or so the voice of the country seems to complain,
I can’t help owning the great relief it would be
To put these people at one stroke out of their pain.
And then next day as I come back into the sane,
I wonder how I should like you to come to me

And offer to put me gently out of my pain.

1. The ‘country money’ contextually here refers to

a) money kept aside for the rural development.
b) wealth accumulated by the whole country.
c) meagre income earned by the countryside people.
d) riches collected by the ancestral farmers over time.

2. Pick the option that mentions elements justifying monetary aspect as the ‘requisite lift of spirit’.

1. confidence,       2. ego,      3. self-esteem,       4. status,        5. fame

a) 1, 2, 4
b) 2, 4, 5
c) 1, 3, 4

d) 1, 3, 5

3. Choose the correct option with respect to the two statements given below. 

Statement 1: The poet is agitated and depressed. 
Statement 2: The poet realizes the futility of his thought about giving up. 

a) Statement 1 can be inferred but Statement 2 cannot be inferred.
b) Statement 1 cannot be inferred but Statement 2 can be inferred.
c) Statement 1 and Statement 2 can be inferred.

d) Statement 1 and Statement 2 cannot be inferred. 

4. Choose the option that correctly paraphrases the given lines from the above extract.

“I can’t help owning the great relief it would be
To put these people at one stroke out of their pain.”

a) The poet wants to kill the impoverished people.
b) The poet feels that death is better than living such a miserable life.
c) The poet wants to eliminate poverty from the society.
d) The poet states that it is important that these people become rich.

B:

The polished traffic passed with a mind ahead,
Or if ever aside a moment, then out of sorts
At having the landscape marred with the artless paint

Of signs that with N turned wrong and S turned wrong…

1. The polished traffic in particular refers to the

a) sophisticated city dwellers in their vehicles.
b) shiny cars that the poet sees on the road.
c) extremely affluent people living in the neighborhood.
d) civilized manner in which traffic is coordinated.

2. Choose the option suggesting the correct meaning behind this line.

'The urban and educated people have their minds ahead.’

a) The people are well-educated and knowledgeable about the condition of the poor.
b) The people are concentrating on the road that is ahead in order to drive safely.
c) The people are preoccupied only by the thoughts of their lives and nothing else.
d) The people are focused on their goal of bettering the country.

3. What do the urban rich feel about the S and N signs that have been painted wrong?
a) Tolerant
b) Amused
c) Sympathetic
d) Annoyed

4. The passers-by find the sign artless but the landscape ___________.
a) animated

b) aesthetic
c) amusing
d) ancient

STAND ALONE MCQs

1. Based on your reading of the poem, choose the option that correctly lays out the difference between the city-dwellers and the countryside people

Option	City dwellers	Countryside people
1	Unaware, casual	Greedy, concerned
2	Indifferent, grumpy	Suffering, disappointed
3	short-tempered, materialistic	Optimistic, savage
4	Stressed, dismissing	Protesting, objectionable

a) Option 1
b) Option 2
c) Option 3

d) Option 4

2. The tone of the poem by the end, as depicted by the given lines is

“I wonder how I should like you to come to me

And offer to put me gently out of my pain.”

a) frustrated.
b) commanding.
c) Introspective.
d) emotional.

3. Pick the option with the slogan that is likely to be used by a person selling at the roadside stand.

Slogan 1: Men and women in equality; a road to dignity.

Slogan 2: By the people and for the people.

Slogan 3: I see humans but no humanity.

Slogan 4: Corruption, corruption, you leave my country. That’s all I pray!

a) Slogan 1
b) Slogan 2
c) Slogan 3
d) Slogan 4

4. Choose the option that correctly categorizes the given literary devices as per the given analogy.

selfish cars : …............. :: …................ : metaphor

a) personification; polished traffic
b) transferred epithet; trusting sorrow
c) metaphor; pitiful kin
d) oxymoron; greedy good-doers

5. Choose the option that correctly mentions the complaints made by the poet through this poem.

1. The rich people drive carelessly on the road hitting the poor people on purpose.
2. The city-dwellers remain highly insensitive and offhand towards the poor people.
3. The urban people are unable to understand the struggles of the impoverished people.

4. The goods are not being bought by the wealthy people even at discounted rates.

a) 1, 2
b) 2, 3
c) 3, 4
d) 1, 4

ARTICLE WRITING

Marks Division

Format: 1 

Content: 2

Expression: 2

Word Limit: 150 to 200 words

Writing an article is an art. The dictionary defines an article as a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine. An article is an expression of one’s thoughts on an issue or a subject logically and coherently written in meaningful paragraphs.

 

POINTS TO REMEMBER

• A suitable title must be given. Under the heading, the writer's name must be written
• The article must be written in at least 3 paragraphs If the topic is controversial and asks for an opinion, students must give arguments to support one aspect of it and not offer a compromise. Examples / statistical figures must be given to support a student's viewpoint
• If articles pertain to current topics / problems, students should include the following points:
• Examples / statistical figures comparing the past with the present situation must be given to highlight the problem
• Reasons for the situation /problem existing
• Effects of such a situation
• Possible Solutions / Remedial measures to rectify the situation

FORMAT OF AN ARTICLE

TITLE	Eye-catching, illustrating the Central Themes
BY LINE	Writer’s Name under the Title
Para1	State the context/ Put the topic in perspective while drawing    readers’ attention. Quote a recent incident/ event / happening/ news Give some startling facts, statistics or survey findings
Para 2	Causes / advantages/ demerits
Para 3	Consequences/ disadvantage/ merits
Pare 4	Solutions/ suggestions/ opinion/ recommendations/ hope / appeal/    call for action

EXAMPLE 1

EXAMPLE 2

Over the past few years there has been constant rise in Coaching Institutes and private tuition centers all over India. Write an article in about 120-150 words highlighting the exploitation of young minds that seek sincere counselling and proper direction. You are Mahesh/Mita a student of class XII of Indira Public school, Gwalior.

Coaching institutes Exploit Students

By Mita, Class XII

Coaching institutes have mushroomed in every nook and corner of a city over the past few years. These so called "temples of learning" are exploiting the young minds just for their financial gains. The misleading advertisements given by these institutes act as magnets to attract the innocent, inexperienced students, who are seeking sincere counseling and proper direction.

Most  private  tuition  centres  and  coaching  institutes  treat  students  just  as  commodities,  instead  of  providing them proper direction in their scholarly pursuits and giving them individual attention, they leave them to their fate. The counselor who is appointed to these institutes is assigned the task of filling the unpopular coaching programmes with more students so that the institution can maximize its profits, irrespective of whether that particular programme suits the students or not.

These Coaching Institutions take advantage of the ignorance of the illiterate parents by advising them to enroll their weak child in a "crash" course whereas he needs to join the long-term coaching programme for being successful in life. The sole purpose of these institutions is to fill their coffers with money, not to look into the well-being of these students, who are the future assets of the nation. These institutions are like the" termites" making the nation's future hollow.

The Education Department of the Government should be vigilant and stop these Coaching Institutes from exploiting the innocent students. Stringent laws should be enforced to stop these institutes from spreading their tentacles in the society. The guilty who are playing with the future of the students should be brought to task.

Practice Questions

1. “Grow more trees to reduce pollution.” Write an article in 120-150 words on the topic given above for your school magazine.
2. In many parts of our country girls are still discouraged from going to school. Consequently, a sizable section of the population is deprived of education. Schemes like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, CBSE scholarship to the Single Girl Child and the Government‘s policy of giving free education to girls have come as a boon to our society. You are Raghav/Rohini. Write an article in 120-150 words on the education of the girl child in the country.
3. The construction sector is believed to be quite hazardous and has the maximum number of fatal work injuries because apart from other causes, stakeholders in this sector tend to ignore safety regulations. As a columnist for an e-magazine, draft an article in about 120-150 words, on the theme of the importance of worker safety in construction zones. Explore possible reasons for the prevailing situation and include suggestions for addressing it.
4. India is a land of diversity. One way in which it makes us feel proud of it is the number offestivals we enjoy. Write an article in 120-150 words on ‘Festivals of India’. You are Karuna/Karan.
5. By 2050, India will be amongst the countries which will face acute water shortage. You are highly alarmed and terrified of the future world without water. So, write an article on “Save Water-Are We Doing Enough?” for the local daily in 120-150 words.5.Recent floods in many metropolitan cities of the country during the monsoon season laid bare the hollowness of the claims of the civic authorities of their preparedness. The poor had to bear the brunt of the problem while no one was ever held accountable. Write an article in 150 –200 words on the common man’s woes during the monsoons and the need for accountability of the officials concerned. You are Sumit/Smita Verma.

LETTER TO EDITOR

Marks Division

Format: 1 

Content: 3

Expression: 2

Word Limit: 150 words

VALUE POINTS

In writing a letter to the Editor, keep in mind the following points:

• Be polite and formal.
• Start by introducing yourself and describing the purpose of writing.
• Briefly describe the problem/Give details of what you would like the concerned official to do.
• Give your comments/feedback on it.
• Conclude with a hope, an appeal or a suggestion as required.
• Be straight forward and to the point.
• Be brief and relevant.

FORMAT 

……………… (date) The Editor The ……………… (name of the newspaper) ……………… (address) SUBJECT: ………………………………………………………………… Sir (salutation) Recently I came across…………… (write the issue). I wish to express my concern / to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the ………….. (problem/issue) …… (quote the recent news, incident etc…/ write a data/ survey finding). PARA 2: Define the problem, give some evidence to show how big the issue is. PARA 3: Write 3-4 problems people are facing because of the issue. PARA 4: Write 2-3 suggestions /solutions for the problem. CONCLUSION: Request the concerned authorities to take immediate action. Yours truly Name

NOTE: Do not ask the editor to solve the problem as s/he is not the concerned authority; s/he is only publishing your letter.

EXAMPLE 1

You are Varun Srivastava, Preet Vihaar, Delhi. You feel concerned to see the plight of the people because of the water logging in whole Delhi after the first rain of monsoon. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily highlighting the problem and giving some suggestions.

D2, Preet Vihaar
New Delhi

12 August 2019

The Editor
The Times of India
New Delhi

Subject: Water Logging Problems in Delhi During Monsoon Season

Sir
Through your esteemed newspaper I want to draw the attention of concern authorities towards the problem of water logging in Delhi during every monsoon season.

As being of a capital of India, it is incongruous to see flooded roads after a few hours spell of intermittent rain fall last night. Delhi receives a little heavy rain like this during monsoon season only but that is enough to reveal the planning done for the season. This shows a major problem with the drainage system in the city.

The situation is especially bad on the roads below some flyovers. Many drivers had to abandon their cars after being stranded in pools of water. The streets in low-lying areas have got inundated which causes road accidents and traffic jams. Pedestrians have to wade through flooded streets. The stagnated water will take days to recede itself. By then I will be breeding ground for mosquitos and other insects. Not only that the foul smell coming out of it will make people sick.

In spite of newspaper’s warning about heavy rain during this monsoon, concerned authorities have failed to manage the situation. I request our MCD to clean the choked drains and canals so that water level should recede soon. The garbage dumping should be completely cleaned up to stop further blockage in drains and sewerage pipes. There should be regular DDT spray and fumigation of the affected areas for mosquito control.

Expecting a quick action in response to the situation as any delay may put health of the common people under threat.

Yours sincerely
Varun Srivastava

EXAMPLE 2

1. You are Keshav / Karuna, living at A- 32, MG Road, Bangalore. You are very much concerned about the bad state of roads in the city. Write a letter to the editor of a newspaper expressing your concern over the problems faced by the commuters and giving suitable suggestions to solve the problem.

A-32 MG Road 

Bangalore

15th November, 2022 

The Editor 

The Times of India 

Indira Nagar Bangalore 

Subject: Bad State of Roads in Bangalore

 

Sir / Madam 
Through the columns of your prestigious newspaper, I would like to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the bad state of roads in Bangalore. I also want to throw light on the problems and inconveniences faced by the people of Bangalore due to the deplorable condition of roads in the city.

Bangalore is no more a pleasant city to live in now. Most of its roads are riddled with Potholes and craters despite crores of rupees spent every year. The recent monsoons exposed all the tall claims of authorities to provide trouble-free and convenient road drives on the roads of Bangalore. 

Potholes and craters have added to the woes of thousands of commuters. The students of the city are the worst sufferers. Bad state of roads in the city causes frequent delays and traffic jams. Uneven surfaces, potholes and craters cause frequent road accidents. Bad planning and compromises made in specifications result in substandard work. The absence of shoulder-drains to carry rainwater obviously damages the roads. More than anything else the politician- contractor nexus has to be blamed for the pathetic condition of roads. 

The situation is grave but not beyond redemption. It demands immediate attention and prompt and effective measures. Only contractors of proven integrity and credentials should be shortlisted for building roads. Proper planning or design and use of good material can help in keeping the roads of the city in a good state. 

I hope my letter will get due space in your esteemed newspaper and the concerned authorities would take necessary and speedy action. 

Thanks 

Yours truly 
Keshav/ Karuna

EXAMPLE 3

F-135, Preet Vihaar
Phase II, Delhi

16 August 2022

The Editor
The Hindustan Times
New Delhi

Subject: Rampant Chain-snatching Incidents

Dear Sir
I am writing this letter to express my deep concern over the nuisance of increasing crime rate in our locality, Raghpura, and the failure of the police to understand the gravity of the situation.

The incidents of jewellery and purse snatching, mobile snatching, eve-teasing are on the increase. There is an atmosphere of insecurity and fear in the entire locality. No resident dares to go alone even during the broad daylight. Not only outside and alone, but people are also not safe even at home or even in the company of someone.

Recently, a old couple has been robbed in her home and a lady going to market with husband was attacked by two bikers to snatch her gold chain. These bikers are reported to have a whole gang, roaming about the whole locality and pounce on their prey whenever they find any. Girls and young women of the locality cannot go out alone for the fear of being molested by a group of idle young men sitting at the corner of streets.

We have reported the matter to the police station, but no concrete action has been taken so far. Through your newspaper I request the concern authorities to depute constables at vulnerable places. There should be more frequent patrolling of the area. CCTV cameras should be installed at lonesome places. Any suspect should be arrested and interrogated without delay.

I hope a quick action on the request as any delay could result in dire consequences for the people.

Thanking you
Yours truly
xyz

EXAMPLE 4

Write a letter to the Editor of National Herald, New Delhi about water scarcity in your locality suggesting ways to improve the water supply. You are Ramnath/ Reema of Ghaziabad.

H.No. A-24, Kavi Nagar
Ghaziabad

April 2, 20XX

The Editor 

National Herald
New Delhi-110001

Subject: WATER CRISIS IN KAVI NAGAR

Sir/Madam

Through the columns of your esteemed newspaper, I wish to draw the attention of the concerned authorities towards the problem of water scarcity in our locality.

It is still early summer, and the residents are already facing acute water shortage in the area. The supply is cut off at 8.30 a.m. in the morning and is restored only for half an hour in the evening between 6 p.m. to 7 p.m.

Since the timings are erratic, many people, especially the working couples are unable to store water. Frequent complaints to the Jal Board has not yielded any result as the authorities express their helplessness saying that one of the tanks of the Haiderpur Water Treatment Plant is under repair and has been shut down for a month or so thereby affecting the water supply in the area. But it is nearly one and a half months since the problem began, yet there is no respite to the residents.

The Jal Board should, in the meantime, make provisions for water tankers at different hours of the day. Also, measures must be taken to expedite the repair work.

Yours sincerely

Ramnath /Reema

EXAMPLE 5

You are Varun Srivastava, Preet Vihaar, Delhi. You feel concerned to see the danger caused by mosquitos in your area during the monsoon season. Write a letter to the Editor of a national daily highlighting the problem and giving some suggestions. 

Varun Srivastava

Preet Vihar

Delhi

Date: July 19, 2024

The Editor

The Times of India

New Delhi

Subject: Rising Mosquito Menace in Preet Vihar During Monsoon

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to express my grave concern over the increasing mosquito menace in Preet Vihar, Delhi, especially during the monsoon season. The stagnant water in various parts of our locality has become a breeding ground for mosquitoes, leading to a surge in cases of dengue and malaria. Despite repeated complaints, the civic authorities have failed to take adequate measures to address this issue.

I urge the concerned authorities to initiate immediate fumigation drives and ensure regular cleaning of drains and waterlogged areas. Public awareness campaigns should be conducted to educate residents on preventing mosquito breeding in and around their homes. Additionally, installing mosquito traps in public areas and distributing mosquito nets and repellents in affected zones could greatly mitigate this health hazard.

Addressing this issue promptly is crucial to safeguarding the health of our community. I hope you will highlight this pressing concern in your esteemed newspaper to prompt swift action from the authorities.

Yours sincerely,

Varun Srivastava

Preet Vihar, Delhi

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. Write a letter to the Editor, The Times of India, Mumbai expressing your views on how the standard of performance in sports can be improved in India.
2. Write a letter to the Editor, The Hindustan Times, Delhi, giving your views on frequent breakdown of electricity in your locality.
3. You are Ramesh/Reema of 20, Sarvodaya Colony, Lucknow. Write a letter to the Editor, Nagrik Times, to draw the attention of Traffic Police Department to the lawlessness among bus drivers and conductors.
4. The problem of corruption is increasing in India with a rise in consumerism and inflation. As Mr. S.K. Singh, a lecturer in Physics, write a letter to the editor of ‘Our India’, expressing these views on the steady decline in moral values of Indians. His address is Save India Forum, Patna.
5. Repeated strike of doctors leaves patients at the mercy of God. Mr. Kaushal who had a bitter experience recently when he fell sick and had to be admitted to a hospital writes a letter to the Editor of ‘The Patriot’, narrating his tale of woe and generating public opinion on why essential services should not be banned from going on strike.

REPORT WRITING

Reports should preferably be written in the third person. It would be good to use the passive form of the verb where the process being described is more important than the person carrying it out. They must be written in 150-200 words. The maximum marks are 5.

There are two main kinds of reports you have to write:

1. A newspaper report
2. A report for a magazine.

Here is a checklist of details you will need to include in each kind of report.

FORMAT
NEWSPAPER REPORT HEADLINE BY LINE Place, Date:…… PARA 1…… PARA 2…… PARA 3……	MAGAZINE REPORT: HEADING BY LINE PARA 1…… PARA 2……( can be 2 paras) PARA 3……

CONTENT
Newspaper Report (event/ happening/ incident/ accident) Para 1 What happened Where it happened When it happened The people who were involved in the event Why it happened Para 2 How it happened ( details) Para 3 The comments/ remarks of people/the evidence from people The conclusions/your comment or recommendation (for future action)	Magazine Report (Event or Function) Para 1 The nature of the event The occasion The date/the time/the place The chief guest and other dignitaries Para 2 The programme description (details) Para 3 Remarks and quotes by the guests The comment on the programme The conclusion

Example of School Events

• Day Celebrations (Grandparents’ Day, Environment Day, Children’s Day etc)
• Workshops and Seminars (Career counselling, Stress Management, Disaster management etc.)
• Competitions and events (Science Exhibition, Inter School Art Comp., Zonal Level Hockey, Essay Writing)

Value Points of Reports

(a) Accident/ calamity / disease outbreak/ robbery Catchy headlines- expansion of headlines in the first sentence itself is highlighting what/when/where. Give reasons, if any Details in brief eyewitness account casualties damage etc (if any) action taken, relief measures (if applicable) conclusion/comments (b) Cultural/sports events Occasion/organizer / sponsor etc Date, venue, time Chief guest / special invitees Objectives & main highlights of the programme Prize distribution Message by the chief guest vote of thanks Over all response. (c) Competitions Occasion/organizer / sponsor etc. Date, venue, time Name of the competition, level, topic etc. Participations Inaugural ceremony/welcome Chief Guest, judges etc. Highlights related to performances, result etc. Prize distribution Special remarks, if any Vote of thanks

(d) Workshop / seminar /Talk What, by whom, for whom Date, venue, duration Guest speaker, panel of experts Chief Guest, invitees Activities undertaken Aids used- audio visual, charts, documentary, films etc. Literary or field activities, if any Interactive session including question-answers Experts comments Over all effect (e) Rally/ campaign What/by whom Duration venue, places covered Objectives/ motto Activities undertaken Any display / educational material used: eg. Placard, banner, pamphlet etc. over all success (f) Camp/ visit /exhibition Place, destination Organizer, sponsor (if any) Duration, date etc. No. of persons/ visitors etc. Description: (i) Theme of exhibition, type (ii) Places of sight seeing, food, scenic beauty etc. (iii) Purpose & nature of camp, activities undertaken over all response

EXPRESSION

• Grammatical Accuracy (use past tense)
• Appropriate words and spelling
• Relevance, Coherence and sequence

SAMPLE REPORTS

1. NEWSPAPER REPORT

International Yoga Day Celebration

By Mahesh Dutta, Staff Reporter: The Tribune

Bhopal, June 21, 2023: Saraswati Vidyamandir, a beacon of holistic education, celebrated International Yoga Day with an impressive display of unity, wellness, and mindfulness. The event, held on June 21st, 2023, bore witness to the participation of students, parents, and esteemed Chief Guest, Shri Acharya Balkrishn, a renowned yoga guru and co-founder of Patanjali Ayurved Limited.

The school's sprawling grounds came alive with the serene ambiance of yoga mats and the soothing sound of collective breaths. Under the expert guidance of Shri Balkrishn, students and their parents engaged in a mesmerizing yoga session. The sun salutations, pranayama, and asanas created a tranquil atmosphere, fostering a deep sense of well-being.

Principal Dr. Pramod Mahajan emphasized the importance of yoga in nurturing both physical and mental health. She applauded the students for their dedication to yoga and encouraged them to integrate these practices into their daily lives.

The highlight of the event was Shri Balkrishn's enlightening discourse on the philosophy and science of yoga. His insights left an indelible mark on the participants, motivating them to delve deeper into this ancient art.

The International Yoga Day celebration at Saraswati Vidyamandir was a testament to the school's commitment to holistic education and well-being. It was a day where minds and bodies found harmony, setting a profound example for all.

2. MAGAZINE REPORT

Investiture Ceremony

Report by Sanjay Chauhan, XII D

On the auspicious morning of 5th August 2023, Dyanand Public School Meerut hosted its annual Investiture Ceremony with much grandeur and pride. The event was graced by the esteemed District Magistrate, Shri Deepak Meena. He, as the chief guest, added prestige to the occasion.

The Principal, Mr. Ananad Kumar Avasthi, welcomed the chief guest and motivated the students by highlighting the values of leadership and responsibility that the student council members would uphold. The school's corridors echoed with inspiration as he spoke. The ceremony began with a march by all the four houses with their newly elected prefects and the House-Masters. Then the talented class VIII students sang a stirring patriotic song which filled the air with the spirit of nationalism.

After the song, the council members and prefects marched spritely and majestically in sync with the beating of the drums to receive their badges and shashes. The captains and the prefects administered the oath with a promise that they would carry out their duties with integrity, faith and excellence. The Chief Guest congratulated the newly elected members and emphasized the need to be humble while holding responsibilities. This was followed by a mesmerizing Assamese Folk dance - Behu, presented by the talented class XI students, which left the audience enthralled and captivated.

The Head Girl, Jagrati Vishnoi, proposed the vote of thanks and the programme concluded with the singing of the National Anthem.

More Examples

Q1. You are Shridhar Krishnan, Head Boy, of Jeevan Jyoti Public School, Varanasi. Your school recently organized its annual day. Write a report for the school magazine for the same.

THE SCHOOL ANNUAL DAY

By Sridhar Krishnan

The Annual Day of the Jeevan Jyoti Public School, Varanasi, was held on Friday, March 2014 in the school auditorium. The auditorium was beautifully decorated with paintings and sculptures made by the students. The chief guest for the occasion was Mr. Vineet Jain, Chairman, CBSE.

The function began with the welcome of the Chief Guest, Mr. Vineet Jain, who inaugurated the function by lighting the lamp. The programme commenced with the Principal, Mrs. Khanna's address in which she welcomed the guests and read out the school report highlighting the achievements of the students.

The cultural programme began with a medley of popular numbers sung by the school choir. This was followed by a dance by the students of the middle school in which a harmonious blend of the east and west was seen. The finale was the much-awaited dance drama, Rani of Jhansi, in which students of the senior school were directed by Azad Khushboo.

During the much-awaited Prize distribution ceremony the chief guest presented the awards to the meritorious students in sports and academics. In his speech, Mr. Jain praised the multi-faceted students of the school. In her vote-of -thanks the Vice Principal, Mrs. Singh, appreciated the parent's involvement in the school's activities. The audience was unanimous in declaring this one of the best functions the school has ever presented. The items were unique, and the students did more than justice to their respective parts.

Q2. Write a report for your school magazine, on the Career Counselling held at your school for the outgoing batch of class 12 students.

CAREER COUNSELLING

By Rajendra, XIIB

Career Counselling Centre, Gurgaon organized a career counselling session for students and parents of class XII on 18th September 2019 in the school auditorium. Career decisions play a pivotal role to shape the future growth and development of students. In today‟s environment of multiple options, knowing about choices available helps children in their decision-making process.

The session commenced with the school Principal, Ms. Aditi Misra reiterating the importance of knowing one‟s potential and subject of interest before making a decision. She also laid stress on the right combination of subjects as per their aptitude which should be reflected in their academic performance. She emphasized on the importance of making informed decisions. The resource person for the session was Ms Kanika Marwaha, an eminent career counsellor. She is a prolific educator who has been associated with counselling and guidance for the past 32 years and is also the Founder and Director of University Options, an educational consultancy which draws upon vast experience and research, to offer comprehensive services to students and schools regarding decision making for the future.

The session aimed at making the audience aware of the multiple career options available. The session was informative and enriching for students as well as parents. And the resource person shared information regarding leading universities and various courses available. She urged the students not to make decisions based on family expectations and peer pressure. She guided the students to identify their interests and what they are good at. She also advised them to plan multiple activities during their vacations to hone their skills.

Q3. Write a report for your school magazine, Trip to Bhimtal, Nainital & Jim Corbett.

Trip to Bhimtal, Nainital & Jim Corbett

By Somashree Dutt

ITL Public School organized a 4 days / 4 night's trip for students of class XIIth to Nainital - Bhimtal - Jim Corbett from 17th to 21st May, in collaboration with New Horizons Adventures Pvt Ltd, as part of their Social Studies Project Work.

Departure took place from the school premises on the evening of 17th May 2019. After an overnight travel, students reached Bhimtal at 9 a.m. and lodged at Mapple Resorts nested among the hills and the lush green environment. During their two days‟ stay at Bhimtal the students had a rendezvous with beauteous surroundings of the town and went for sightseeing to different “taals”. On their return, bonfire and dinner, arranged at the hotel was thoroughly enjoyed by the students.

The second day was marked with adventure activities when the students were taken to Padampuri for an adventure camp. In four groups, the students performed activities like Cliff Jumping, Flying Fox, Commando Nets and Rappelling. The adventure, as a whole was enjoyed by the students and they learnt enough about physical fitness as well. After returning to the hotel, tired and exhausted, dinner and bonfire was organized which was a feisty treat for the students. Next day the group departed to Nainital where they were taken for boating at the Naini Lake and were given time at leisure for shopping and visit the Naina Devi Temple. Later that evening students were taken to Jim Corbett where a DJ party and dinner was organized for them. On 21st May, the students were taken for a Jeep safari early in the morning in the Corbett National Park where they got the opportunity to explore wildlife. Later that afternoon the group departed for Delhi.

The trip was a memorable one for all the twelfth-class students. Despite all the controversies, illness and the fights, this last trip was remarkable and will be a cherished memory for the students and the teachers as well.

Q4. You are Ankit, staff reporter of a national daily. You were asked to cover a science exhibition. Mentioning all relevant details write a report in 150-200 words.

Scientific Fervor Unravelled

Staff Reporter

Ahmedabad, September 30th: The School of Education organized a Science Exhibition wherein students showcased static and working models which can be used for learning various scientific concepts for children of the age group 13-18 years, to inculcate a scientific attitude and research-mindedness but also creating teaching aids.

The Exhibition encouraged students to participate in activities so as to understand the cognitive, affective and psychomotor aspects of the task and was held as part of the National Science Day celebration carried out at School of Education.

Student-teachers from all sections of the School of Education participated in this activity and made models which are used as teaching aids during their school internship programme later. They had chosen topics from NCERT Science books from Standard Six till Standard Twelve. A teaching aid is a very effective tool to make the classroom experience of the student very real and meaningful. Dr Priyanka Banerjee took the initiative of encouraging the students to put up such a wonderful and enlightening exhibition. The judges appreciated the students asking them about the scientific concepts forming the foundation of the models. Students had prepared models like water holding capacity of soil, working of a windmill and jet car was showcased along with the DC Motor based models. Charts based on evolution of humans and biodiversity were presented well.

The program was appreciated by everyone since it encouraged students to develop a scientific fervor and an attitude of research mindedness so that they develop the qualities of analytical and critical thinking.

Example 5

TWO DIE IN COLLISION

by Anil Singh, staff reporter

New Delhi. February 14: A DTC bus crashed into a Maruti car this morning at 11 a.m. at the Moti Bagh crossing, killing the two occupants of the car and injuring fifteen bus passengers.

The bus, plying on route 617, was coming at high speed from Dhaula Kuan and did not stop at the red light. It crashed into a blue Maruti going towards R.K. Puram from Moti Bagh. According to eyewitnesses, the impact was so great that the Maruti overturned, and the bus smashed into the road divider. Policemen, who were on duty in the vicinity, rushed to the site. Mr. S. K. Jain (40) and his wife, Mrs. Neela Jain (35), the occupants of the car, were rushed to Safdarjung Hospital, but were declared dead on arrival. Fifteen people, travelling in the bus were injured and have been admitted to Safdarjung Hospital. Their condition is reported to be stable.

The driver of the bus, Ganga Singh (30), has been taken into custody. A case of death caused by negligent driving has been registered against him. This is the third accident this month at this busy crossing. The police need to take strict action against such rash driving to make the roads of Delhi safe and to prevent such tragedy.

PRACTICE ASSIGNMENT

NEWPAPER REPORT

1. Write a report for the Times of India on the bomb explosion which took place at a marketplace.
2. Write a report for the Hindustan Times on the visit of Prime Minister Narender Modi to the United States of America.
3. Write a report on the International Conference on the Girl Child being held at the India International Centre.
4. Write a report on the one day cricket match between India and Sri Lanka in Delhi.
5. A Blood Donation camp was organized by the Red Cross Society of your town. As an editor of a leading newspaper daily, write a newspaper report covering the event.
6. Consumption of tobacco and liquor is growing steadily in India. High Demands have lead to selling of adulterated liquor in the market. In Pushp Enclave Hospital, more than 15 people were admitted complaining, of nausea and stomach ailment after consumption of liquor from a liquor shop in that area. Write a newspaper report covering the event.
7. Report on the curfew bound area in Srinagar.
8. A Seminar on the importance of eye donation

MAGAZINE REPORT

Write a report for the school magazine on-

1. The school Sports Day.
2. The inauguration of the new science lab.
3. The Inter school play competition held in school.
4. The Blood Donation Camp held at school.
5. The finals of the CBSE Heritage quiz held in your school auditorium.
6. Book Week held by the Book Club in the OAT of your school
7. A magic show which was recently held in your school
8. Report on Cleanliness week held in your school.

Vocabulary for Report Writing

General Words for All Events:

• Ceremony: event, occasion, celebration, gathering, function
• Participants: students, attendees, audience, dignitaries, invitees, officials
• Commencement: inauguration, opening, launch, beginning, initiation
• Address: speech, welcome, keynote, remarks, presentation
• Appreciation: commendation, praise, recognition, acknowledgment
• Involvement: participation, engagement, contribution, collaboration

Specific to Investiture Ceremony:

• Swearing-in: oath-taking, responsibility, delegation, authority, leadership
• Leaders: head boy, head girl, prefects, council members, office bearers
• Badges: sashes, insignia, emblems, honors, ranks
• Roles: duties, responsibilities, portfolios, positions, tasks

Specific to Annual Day:

• Performance: cultural program, display, presentation, exhibition, showcase
• Achievements: accolades, awards, prizes, recognition, honor
• Chief Guest: presiding officer, dignitary, special guest, invitee
• Presentation: felicitation, token of appreciation, memento, souvenirs

Specific to Annual Sports Day:

• Competitions: races, tournaments, events, matches, championships
• Athletes: participants, players, contenders, sportsmen, sportswomen
• Trophies: medals, awards, accolades, distinctions, prizes
• Fitness: stamina, endurance, agility, strength, athleticism

Specific to Health Camp:

• Check-up: screening, consultation, diagnosis, examination, testing
• Health: well-being, fitness, care, medical, hygiene
• Doctors: physicians, medical professionals, specialists, healthcare providers
• Awareness: health education, prevention, care, hygiene, fitness

Specific to Yoga Day:

• Practice: session, asanas, meditation, exercises, postures
• Well-being: mental health, physical fitness, mindfulness, relaxation
• Guidance: instruction, training, demonstration, coaching, leadership
• Benefits: flexibility, stress-relief, mindfulness, health, concentration

Specific to Career Counseling:

• Guidance: advice, counseling, mentoring, direction, coaching
• Career: profession, field, occupation, vocation, opportunity
• Future: prospects, goals, aspirations, ambitions, planning
• Skills: aptitude, talent, capability, knowledge, expertise

Specific to Science Exhibition:

• Projects: experiments, models, innovations, displays, demonstrations
• Invention: discovery, creation, development, breakthrough, solution
• Judging: evaluation, assessment, scrutiny, ranking, feedback
• Participants: young scientists, exhibitors, students, presenters, contenders
• Awards: prizes, certificates, recognition, appreciation, honors

Specific to Farewell Party:

• Goodbye: send-off, farewell, parting, departure, bidding adieu
• Memories: reminiscence, moments, experiences, recollections, nostalgia
• Speeches: farewell address, message, tribute, acknowledgment, words of appreciation
• Celebration: gathering, party, event, program, commemoration
• Legacy: contributions, achievements, influence, impact, guidance

Specific to Teachers’ Day:

• Tribute: respect, recognition, honor, gratitude, appreciation
• Dedication: commitment, devotion, hard work, service, guidance
• Teachers: educators, mentors, instructors, guides, facilitators
• Students: pupils, learners, disciples, mentees, protégés
• Celebration: program, function, festivity, observance, occasion

Specific to Workshops/Seminars:

• Learning: training, instruction, coaching, education, enrichment
• Participation: involvement, engagement, contribution, attendance, collaboration
• Speaker: presenter, facilitator, guest speaker, mentor, instructor
• Session: lecture, discussion, interaction, seminar, conference
• Knowledge: insights, understanding, information, skill development, expertise

Specific to Environment Day:

• Conservation: preservation, protection, safeguarding, care, maintenance
• Initiatives: campaigns, drives, programs, projects, activities
• Awareness: education, consciousness, mindfulness, knowledge, information
• Sustainability: eco-friendly, green, renewable, conservation, recycling
• Volunteers: participants, contributors, helpers, campaigners, activists

Specific to Art and Craft Exhibition:

• Display: exhibition, showcase, presentation, arrangement, gallery
• Artworks: paintings, sculptures, crafts, designs, creations
• Creativity: imagination, innovation, originality, artistry, craftsmanship
• Expression: emotion, inspiration, interpretation, message, theme
• Talent: skill, ability, expertise, flair, proficiency

Specific to Independence Day:

• Patriotism: nationalism, pride, love for country, loyalty, allegiance
• Celebration: commemoration, observance, festivity, honor, homage
• Flag hoisting: national anthem, salutation, respect, reverence, symbol
• Freedom fighters: leaders, martyrs, revolutionaries, heroes, icons
• Speeches: address, oration, tribute, discourse, message

Specific to Book Fair:

• Books: literature, novels, publications, volumes, works
• Authors: writers, novelists, poets, essayists, creators
• Exhibition: display, showcase, collection, stalls, booths
• Reading: literacy, learning, knowledge, education, enjoyment
• Genres: fiction, non-fiction, poetry, drama, classics

Specific to Debate Competition:

• Debate: discussion, argument, discourse, dialogue, deliberation
• Topics: issues, subjects, themes, motions, propositions
• Contestants: participants, debaters, speakers, contenders, opponents
• Judging: evaluation, assessment, scoring, feedback, critique
• Speech: argument, rebuttal, defense, point, statement

Specific to Blood Donation Camp:

• Donors: volunteers, contributors, participants, givers, supporters
• Blood: units, pints, types, donation, transfusion
• Health: safety, well-being, fitness, care, medical
• Camp: event, drive, initiative, program, effort
• Saving lives: contribution, humanitarian, service, help, impact